Flameman/hp712

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= hp712, HP 9000/712 model =

Overview
_________      ______  __|__  |  || |Cache| |  ||     _ _ LASI ASIC _ _ |_____| | ||            ______ ______  |  ||    |  ..__|i82596|___|_[10Mb Ethernet] ___       ||       ||__|53C710|_____[8-bit SCSI-2] ________  ||    |  ||__|PS/2|_____|_[Keyboard/Mouse] _________          ||__|16550A|_____[Serial] |    |  ||__|37C65C|___|_[Floppy] |       ||  |______|            |     |  ||   ______    |            |        ||__|16C522|_____[Parallel] |    |  ||  |______|   |            |        ||   _______            |_____|__||__|Harmony|__|_[Audio] || |_______|                  |  ||   ___       |                     ||__|RTC| | GSC |___|      | _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
 * PA-7100LC|_..__|Artist|______________[VGA]
 * _________| || |______|
 * Memory|_| ||       ||  |______|
 * ______|   ||    |  ||   ______    |
 * ROM|_______||   |  ||  |______|   |
 * ___|      ||_______||   ____
 * GIO-slot|__||      ||  |____|
 * ________| GSC   |  ||   ______    |
 * TSIO-slot|_.    |  ||  |______|   |
 * _________| |       ||   ______

The design goal of the 712 workstation was to reach performance levels of 1992-era workstations and servers (for instance HP 9000 735 workstation) at a fraction of their fabrication costs. Everything was kept simple, the case is one of the smallest Unix workstation cases, similar to the Sun SPARCstation 10 and 20 cases. 712s are very quiet, the fan of the power supply being almost not audible — the produced noise depends on the installed SCSI drive.

Introduced: early-1994 to mid-1995 (712/100) prices from $4,000 (712/60) and $8,820 (712/80) to $15,100 (712/100).

CPU

 * 712/60: PA-7100LC 60MHz with 1KB on-chip L11 and 64KB off-chip L1 cache
 * 712/80: PA-7100LC 80MHz with 1KB on-chip L11 and 256KB off-chip L1 cache
 * 712/100: PA-7100LC 100MHz with 1KB on-chip L11 and 256KB off-chip L1 cache

1. The 1KB on-chip L1 cache is not really a true cache.

Time of introduction: 1994

The PA-7100LC was primarily designed as a single-chip solution for application in low cost systems while still delivering the performance of 1991 high-end workstations and servers. The CPU core design was leveraged from the PA-7100 and integrated with several of its off-chip support components on a single die. The PA-7100LC integrates the CPU, FPU, MIOC (memory and I/O controller) and a first-level cache on a single VLSI chip and has a direct attachment to the GSC main bus. Both CPU and FPU support the PA-RISC 1.1 Edition 3 ISA. Details


 * PA-RISC version 1.1c 32-bit
 * Three functional units: 2 integer ALUs, 1 Floating Point unit1
 * 2-way superscalar
 * Not SMP-capable
 * Five-stage pipeline
 * DRAM memory & cache controller (MIOC) integrated on die, thus direct interface from the CPU to memory and cache
 * 1KB on-chip I L1 instruction cache, direct mapped, 64-bit per access, prefetch from off-chip I cache
 * 8KB-2MB off-chip unified I/D L1 cache, direct mapped, hashed address, virtual index, 480-600MB/s bandwidth
 * The 1KB on-chip I cache is not really considered a true cache, thus the off-chip cache in fact is the system’s real L1 cache
 * 32-Byte cache line size
 * Support for bi-endian load-store operations
 * MAX-1 multimedia extensions (subword arithmetic) for multimedia applications, e.g., MPEG decoding
 * Floating Point load-store to I/O space
 * 64-entry unified I/D TLB, fully associative, 4K page size
 * 8-entry BTLB, page sizes from 512K - 64M
 * 64-bit wide load/store operations
 * I and D cache bypassing
 * Stall on use D cache miss policy
 * Don’t fill on miss cache hint
 * Hardware TLB miss handler support
 * Hardware static branch prediction
 * GSC bus interface
 * 64-bit ECC interface to the main memory
 * Instruction line prefetch from main memory
 * Up to 100MHz clock
 * 14.2×14.2 mm2 die, 900,000 FETs, 0.75µ (micron), 3-layer aluminium process packaged in a 432-pin PGA

Only one of the two integer ALUs is able to handle loads, stores and shifts, these operations can only be paired with simple math operations, like integer addition or multiplication. Both units can handle branch operations.

Chipset
* LASI ASIC, which features: o NCR 53C710 8-bit single-ended SCSI-2 o Intel 82596CA 10Mb Ethernet controller o WD 16C522 compatible parallel o Harmony CD/DAT quality 16-bit stereo audio o NS 16550A compatible serial * Artist graphics, 8-bit * Intel 82503 Ethernet transceiver, media auto-selection * CS4215 or AD1849 programmable CODECs * WD37C65C Floppy controller * Two AM29F010 Flash EPROMs * GSC system level I/O bus (128MB/s) * SCSI-2 single-ended bus

Memory
* 72-pin ECC SIMMs * Takes 8-32MB modules * Either 4 (on /60 and /80 models) or 6 (on /100) sockets * 16MB (2×8) minimum, 128MB (4×32)/ 192MB (6×32) maximum * Memory has to be installed in pairs, starting from slot 0, which is the closest slot to the drives.

Expansion
* VRAM expansion slot for: o A2263-66520M - Video RAM expansion for higher resolutions/more colors * One slot for a GIO card (special formfactor GSC bus cards, only used in the 712), with the following cards available: o A2878A - second video o A4011A - 8025 Token Ring interface o A4011B - 8025 Token Ring interface o A4013A - second serial port o A4014A - second Ethernet LAN (AUI+TP) and serial port. Pinout for the AUI/RS232 Y-cable o A4015A - second serial & X25 link (DB9M RS232C connectors) o A4217A - second Ethernet LAN (AUI+TP) & second VGA o TAMS 50488 - HP-IB interface * One slot for a TSIO card (another special formfactor GSC card for the Teleshare expansion slot), with only one card offered: o A4012A - Teleshare POTS interface with two RJ11C jacks

Drives

 * One tray for a 3.5″ Fast-Narrow SE 50-pin SCSI hard drive
 * One tray for a 3.5″ Floppy drive with special connector

External connectors

 * 50-pin HD SCSI-2 Fast-Narrow single-ended
 * DB9 male RS232C serial (up to 115200 baud)
 * DB25 female parallel
 * TP/RJ45 10Mbit Ethernet1
 * 15-pin AUI 10Mbit Ethernet1
 * HD15 VGA2
 * Two PS/2 connectors for keyboard & mouse
 * Three phone jacks (microphone, headphones and line-in)

1. The system automatically detects the used port. 2. You can connect almost any monitor to the VGA jack. The 712 can drive VESA compatible multisync, HP fixed-frequency and many other popular FF monitors. It also is able to produce sync on green signals.

There is an firmware update available for the 712, which contains the latest version (2.3).

Operating systems

 * HP-UX: every 32-bit release from 10.01-11.11 works.
 * 10.20: runs very nice on all 712s.
 * 11.00 and 11i: 712s are not the best 11.x performers. Could be sluggish. * NeXTSTEP: version 3.3 works fine.
 * gentoo: works fine (text console is pretty, the boot up takes 2 minutes, the X11 support is ... slow)
 * OpenBSD: works fine.
 * NetBSD: experimental support as of 5/2005.

2011-03: about gentoo i am working around "tiny rootfs" which could be newtwork booted from a tftp server. This bootup process takes just few seconds. This idea is from dht-walnut NAS project.

Benchmarks
Model 	SPEC92, int 	SPEC92, fp 	SPEC95, int 	SPEC95, fp 	SPEC95 rate, int 	SPEC95 rate, fp 712/60 	67.0 	85.3 	2.08 	2.66 	18.7 	23.9 712/80 	97.1 	123.3 	3.12 	3.55 	28.1 	32.0 712/100 	117.2 	144.2 	3.76 	4.06 	33.8 	36.3

Physical dimensions/Power
* 70×423×400 mm height/width/depth * 8.36kg net weight * 110W max. power input * 1.2A max. RMS at 240V * 2.7A max. RMS at 120V

Serial Cable
To connect your PA-RISC machine to your PC so you can boot the system using a console, you need a 9 pin-to-9 pin female null-modem cable.

WARNING
Unfortunately, HP decided that the 712 should be hard to configure for headless use. Improper setting of the console path may cause the system to become inoperable. Beware.

do it
Briefly, you must get to the HP-UX bootloader prompt (which they call the ISL) which will allow you to permanently set your preferred console location to the first serial port at 9600 8N1.

The original source of this information is http://lists.parisc-linux.org/pipermail/parisc-linux/1999-December/008117.html.

To change to a serial console, you need:


 * a PS/2 style keyboard
 * a monitor with VGA style interface
 * the HP-UX ISL (either an HP-UX bootable hard drive or netboot)

First, you need to get to the BootROM prompt. When your system prints the following on screen, press and hold ESC until you get the BOOT_ADMIN> prompt:

Press  to stop boot sequence.

Setting monitor type
If your display doesn't show properly, the frequency may be out-of-range. You can select the monitor type suitable to your display.

If your 712 has the add-in VRAM board, normal VGA 680x480 mode is monitor type 7. Without the VRAM board, the number may be different (possibly 5?).

BOOT_ADMIN> monitor 7 Monitor Choices Type    Resolution     Frequency --    -  1      1280x1024        72Hz 2     1024x768         75Hz 3     1024x768         70Hz 4     1024x768         75Hz     Flat Panel 5     1280x1024        60Hz 6     1024x768         60Hz 7      640x480         60Hz 8     1280x1024        75Hz     VESA 9     1024x768         75Hz     VESA 10      800x600         75Hz     VESA 11      640x480         75Hz     VESA 12     1280x1024        72Hz     Greyscale 13     1280x1024        50Hz

Current Monitor Type is 7       640x480         60Hz

BOOT_ADMIN> reset

If you have HP-UX installed on local disk

BOOT_ADMIN> boot pri isl

Booting

ISL Revision A.00.38 OCT 26, 1994

ISL>

Boot 712 from LAN
BOOT_ADMIN> boot lan isl

Booting

ISL Revision A.00.25 November 18, 1992

ISL>

Setting console
Run the following command to set your 712 to use a serial RS-232 console with 9600 Baud, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity:

ISL> conspath 2/0/4.0x283

To set your 712 to use the local console (i.e. keyboard and screen), run the following command:

ISL> conspath 1/0/0.0

You can use the display and information commands to verify that your settings have been stored properly. Once you're sure everything looks right, power cycle your workstation to start using your serial console.

Additionally, you can temporarily use the local console by pressing the “Esc” key on the PS/2 keyboard while resetting. This is setting only affects the console location temporarily and only works with firmware rev 1.6 and later.

Shot
BootRom Version   1.6

Memory Size: 192 MB

(c) Copyright 1990-1993, Hewlett-Packard Company. All rights reserved

Press  to stop boot sequence.  Selecting a system to boot.

Command                            Description ---                            --- Auto [boot|search] [on|off]         Display or set auto flag Boot [pri|alt|scsi.addr] [isl]     Boot from primary, alternate or SCSI Boot lan[.lan_addr] [install] [isl] Boot from LAN Chassis [on|off]                   Enable chassis codes Diagnostic [on|off]                Enable/disable diagnostic boot mode Fastboot [on|off]                  Display or set fast boot flag Help                               Display the command menu Information                        Display system information LanAddress                         Display LAN station addresses Monitor [type]                     Select monitor type Path [pri|alt] [lan.id|SCSI.addr]  Change boot path Pim [hpmc|toc|lpmc]                Display PIM info Search [ipl] [scsi|lan [install]]  Display potential boot devices Secure [on|off]                    Display or set security mode

BOOT_ADMIN> boot lan isl

Booting

ISL Revision A.00.25 November 18, 1992

ISL> display

Fastsize value is 0000000F

Autoboot is ON (enabled)

Autosearch is ON (enabled)

Primary boot path is 2/0/1.6.0.0.0.0.0 Primary boot path is (hex) 2/0/1.6.0.0.0.0.0

Alternate boot path is 2/0/2.0.0.0.0.0.0 Alternate boot path is (hex) 2/0/2.0.0.0.0.0.0

System console path is 1.0.0.0.0.0.0 System console path is (hex) 1.0.0.0.0.0.0

ISL> conspath 2/0/4.0x283

ISL> display

Fastsize value is 0000000F

Autoboot is ON (enabled)

Autosearch is ON (enabled)

Primary boot path is 2/0/1.6.0.0.0.0.0 Primary boot path is (hex) 2/0/1.6.0.0.0.0.0

Alternate boot path is 2/0/2.0.0.0.0.0.0 Alternate boot path is (hex) 2/0/2.0.0.0.0.0.0

System console path is 2/0/4.643.0.0.0.0.0 System console path is (hex) 2/0/4.283.0.0.0.0.0

ISL>

Y cable pinout
Pinout for RS232/AUI cable(A2263-62045) for 712 card (A2263-66536) -- There is a card for the 712(HP part #A2263-66536) that provides 2nd AUI lan and 2nd DB9 RS232 port. The back of the card has a 26 pin connector and the 15pin AUI and 9pin RS232 connectors are provided by a special Y cable (A2263-62045) which are pretty hard to find. Here is the pinout of this cable in case you need to make one.

These diagrams are looking at the end of the connector not the back. Make sure to take that into account if building a cable. Pin numbering is taken from the numbers on the plastic in the cable. If a pin is not connected it is represented as an "o". The numbers outside the bottom connectors are the pin numbers that that pin is connected to on the top connector.

-                \     o  o  3  o  o  o  7  8  9 / \ 10 11 12 13  o  o 16 17 18 / \ 19 20 21 22  o 24 25 26  / -

12 13   20 19                 18  9  8  7  24       ---           -  AUI   \ o  o  6  5  o  3  2  o /           \ 1  2  3  4  5 / RS232 \ o 14 13 12  o 10  9 /             \  6  7  8  9 / -                             22 21  3    11 10                 26 25 17 16

12 13   20 19       -- AUI   \ o  o  6  5  o  3  2  o / \ o 14 13 12  o 10  9 / -            22 21  3    11 10

BUILDING NET BOOT KERNEL
* http://www.fr.parisc-linux.org/kernel/nfsroot.html