Latest revision as of 08:47, 13 March 2020

(For BeagleBoardAngstrom, click here.) (Should Beagleboard:Ubuntu On BeagleBone Black be merged into this page?)

This page is about running a Linux distribution (ARM EABI) Ubuntu on the BeagleBoard. BeagleBoard will boot the (ARM EABI) Ubuntu distribution from the SD card. Since much of this page is generic, it has also been extended to help support devices such as the PandaBoard and BeagleBone.

For the best experience, make sure you have an LCD/HDMI monitor attached to the BeagleBoard's HDMI port, 2 GB/4 GB/8 GB SD card, and a known good USB 2.0 hub with mouse and keyboard.

Help

If you need any help:

Kernel related help:
- Email Beagleboard user group *Recommended method
- #beagle: Beagle IRC on Freenode, accessible also by web interface (logs)
- Kernel Trees
  - v4.17.x kernel branch
  - Development Kernel source code

Ubuntu related help:
- #ubuntu-arm: Ubuntu's ARM IRC on Freenode (logs -> year -> month -> day -> #ubuntu-arm.html)

When requesting help, please provide some debugging information:
- U-Boot Version installed on board
- Kernel Version: uname -a
- pastebin dmesg
  - Copy from serial port or use "dmesg | pastebinit" (sudo apt-get install pastebinit)

Required Beagle Software

Mainline U-Boot:

All older BeagleBoard (classic) Ax, Bx, Cx and Dx boards are required to upgrade to at least these U-Boot versions
XM Boards have no NAND, so MLO/u-boot.img is always required on the first partition
Directions: Upgrade X-loader and U-Boot

Omap Serial Changes

boot.scr/boot.cmd changes:

With 2.6.35:

console=ttyS2,115200n8

With 2.6.36/37+:

console=ttyO2,115200n8

Serial console login: /etc/init/ttyO2.conf

start on stopped rc RUNLEVEL=[2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]

respawn
exec /sbin/getty 115200 ttyO2

Method 1: Download a Complete Pre-Configured Image

Demo Image

Advanced Users only: BeagleBoard xM: Kernel source, used in these demo images: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/armv7-multiplatform

git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/armv7-multiplatform.git
cd armv7-multiplatform
git checkout origin/v5.4.x -b tmp
./build_kernel.sh

Advanced Users only: BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black/PocketBeagle: Kernel v4.19.x source, used in these demo images: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/ti-linux-kernel-dev/tree/ti-linux-4.19.y

git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/ti-linux-kernel-dev.git
cd ti-linux-kernel-dev
git checkout origin/ti-linux-4.19.y -b tmp
./build_kernel.sh

Ubuntu (18.04.4)

Default username/password:

username: ubuntu
password: temppwd

Image Updated:

2020-03-12
- BeagleBoard xM: v5.4.24-armv7-x20 kernel
- All BeagleBone Variants and PocketBeagle: v4.19.94-ti-r36 kernel
- BeagleBoard-X15 (and BeagleBone AI): v4.19.94-ti-r36 kernel
2019-04-10
- BeagleBoard xM: v4.19.31-armv7-x31 kernel
- All BeagleBone Variants and PocketBeagle: v4.14.108-ti-r104 kernel
- BeagleBoard-X15: v4.14.108-ti-r104 kernel
2018-12-10
- BeagleBoard xM: v4.19.8-armv7-x11 kernel
- All BeagleBone Variants and PocketBeagle: v4.14.79-ti-r84 kernel
- BeagleBoard-X15: v4.14.79-ti-r84 kernel

Services Active:

Note: Depending on your internal network these may work out of the box
Apache, Port 80: http://arm.local/ (Bone: via usb) (Windows/Linux) http://192.168.7.2, (Mac/Linux) http://192.168.6.2
SSH, Port 22: ssh ubuntu@arm.local (Bone: via usb) (Windows/Linux) ubuntu@192.168.7.2, (Mac/Linux) ubuntu@192.168.6.2
Getty, Serial Port

Default user: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Get prebuilt image:

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2020-03-12/elinux/ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12.tar.xz

Verify Image with:

sha256sum ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12.tar.xz
abe086f9132dfe8e8b9df8d14da225e0ce89a082abc92515de8a2ac63fc54ae2  ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12.tar.xz

Unpack Image:

tar xf ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12.tar.xz
cd ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12

If you don't know the location of your SD card:

sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --probe-mmc

You should see something like:

Are you sure? I don't see [/dev/idontknow], here is what I do see...

fdisk -l:
Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes <- x86 Root Drive
Disk /dev/sdd: 3957 MB, 3957325824 bytes <- MMC/SD card

lsblk:
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0 465.8G  0 disk 
├─sda1   8:1    0 446.9G  0 part /  <- x86 Root Partition
├─sda2   8:2    0     1K  0 part 
└─sda5   8:5    0  18.9G  0 part [SWAP]
sdd      8:48   1   3.7G  0 disk 
├─sdd1   8:49   1    64M  0 part 
└─sdd2   8:50   1   3.6G  0 part

In this example, we can see via mount, /dev/sda1 is the x86 rootfs, therefore /dev/sdd is the other drive in the system, which is the MMC/SD card that was inserted and should be used by ./setup_sdcard.sh...

Install Image:

Quick install script for [board]

sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb board

board options:

BeagleBoard Ax/Bx/Cx/Dx - omap3-beagle
BeagleBoard xM - omap3-beagle-xm
All BeagleBone Variants - beaglebone
OMAP5432 uEVM - omap5-uevm
BeagleBoard-X15 (BeagleBone AI) - am57xx-beagle-x15

So for the BeagleBoard xM:

sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb omap3-beagle-xm

Advanced: Build Image:

git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/omap-image-builder.git
cd omap-image-builder
git checkout v2020.03 -b tmp

Stable:

./RootStock-NG.sh -c rcn-ee_console_ubuntu_bionic_armhf

Flasher

eMMC: All BeagleBone Variants with eMMC

This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on Linux or on Windows/Mac/Linux: https://etcher.io First press and hold the boot select button (next to the microSD card), then apply power. On boot-up the board should indicate it has started the flashing procedure visually via a Cylon Sweep pattern shown on the 4 LED's next to the Ethernet jack. Progress is reported on both the serial debug and HDMI connectors, once completed all 4 LED's should be full ON. Simply remove power, remove the microSD card and Ubuntu will now boot directly from eMMC.

Script for reference: (this is the script that writes to the eMMC)

https://github.com/RobertCNelson/boot-scripts/blob/master/tools/eMMC/init-eMMC-flasher-v3.sh

This script will only take about 5-6 Minutes after power on.

Notes:

If only two LED's stay lit and nothing happens, the board has crashed due to lack of power. Retry with a 5Volt DC power supply connected.
If the 4 LED's blink a constant pattern, the eMMC write has failed. First REMOVE ALL capes, then retry again.

User: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Image Updated:

2020-03-12
- All BeagleBone Variants with eMMC: v4.19.94-ti-r36 kernel
2019-04-10
- All BeagleBone Variants with eMMC: v4.14.108-ti-r104 kernel
2018-12-10
- All BeagleBone Variants with eMMC: v4.14.79-ti-r84 kernel

Get prebuilt image:

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2020-03-12/flasher/bone-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz

Verify Image with:

sha256sum bone-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb*
2bc7f92df84dbd89c1cdd790ec794926a5d6b0f0b891143085d77141170518e2  bone-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz

Windows/Mac/Linux gui

http://etcher.io

Linux: (dd)

xzcat bone-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX

eMMC: BeagleBoard-X15 and BeagleBone AI

This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on Linux or on Windows/Mac/Linux: https://etcher.io First press and hold the boot select button (next to the microSD card), then apply power. On boot-up the board should indicate it has started the flashing procedure visually via a Cylon Sweep pattern shown on the 4 LED's next to the Ethernet jack. Progress is reported on both the serial debug and HDMI connectors, once completed all 4 LED's should be full ON. Simply remove power, remove the microSD card and Ubuntu will now boot directly from eMMC.

Script for reference: (this is the script that writes to the eMMC)

https://github.com/RobertCNelson/boot-scripts/blob/master/tools/eMMC/init-eMMC-flasher-v3.sh

This script will only take about 5-6 Minutes after power on.

Notes:

If only two LED's stay lit and nothing happens, the board has crashed due to lack of power. Retry with a 5Volt DC power supply connected.
If the 4 LED's blink a constant pattern, the eMMC write has failed. First REMOVE ALL capes, then retry again.

User: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Image Updated:

2020-03-12
- BeagleBoard-X15 (and BeagleBone AI): v4.19.94-ti-r36 kernel
2019-04-10
- BeagleBoard-X15 (and BeagleBone AI): v4.14.108-ti-r104 kernel
2018-12-10
- BeagleBoard-X15 (and BeagleBone AI): v4.14.79-ti-r84 kernel

Get prebuilt image:

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2020-03-12/flasher/am57xx-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz

Verify Image with:

sha256sum am57xx-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb*
0c359f2b5e9d27d167f55877d3abfea0af2fe721463136f354dfd5d72be8a541  am57xx-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz

Windows/Mac/Linux gui

http://etcher.io

Linux: (dd)

xzcat am57xx-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX

raw microSD img

BeagleBoard xM

This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on Linux or on Windows/Mac/Linux: https://etcher.io

User: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Auto partition resize:

cd /opt/scripts/tools
git pull
./grow_partition.sh
sudo reboot

Image Updated:

2020-03-12
- BeagleBoard xM: v5.4.24-armv7-x20 kernel
2019-04-10
- BeagleBoard xM: v4.19.31-armv7-x31 kernel
2018-12-10
- BeagleBoard xM: v4.19.8-armv7-x11 kernel

Get prebuilt image:

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2020-03-12/microsd/bbxm-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz

Verify Image with:

sha256sum bbxm-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb*
a3d8780a69ceca6c5462c80c5a061dbba7df91d9111e08e718ecf55420302b91  bbxm-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz

Windows/Mac/Linux gui

http://etcher.io

Linux: (dd)

xzcat bbxm-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX

All BeagleBone Variants and PocketBeagle

This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on Linux or on Windows/Mac/Linux: https://etcher.io

User: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Auto partition resize:

cd /opt/scripts/tools
git pull
./grow_partition.sh
sudo reboot

Image Updated:

2020-03-12
- All BeagleBone Variants and PocketBeagle: v4.19.94-ti-r36 kernel
2019-04-10
- All BeagleBone Variants and PocketBeagle: v4.14.108-ti-r104 kernel
2018-12-10
- All BeagleBone Variants and PocketBeagle: v4.14.79-ti-r84 kernel

Get prebuilt image:

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2020-03-12/microsd/bone-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz

Verify Image with:

sha256sum bone-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb*
4c41976f1f574a4786002482167fe6443d8c9f1bced86a174459ffeba1f5b780  bone-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz

Windows/Mac/Linux gui

http://etcher.io

Linux: (dd)

xzcat bone-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX

BeagleBoard-X15 and BeagleBone AI

This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on Linux or on Windows/Mac/Linux: https://etcher.io

User: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Auto partition resize:

cd /opt/scripts/tools
git pull
./grow_partition.sh
sudo reboot

Image Updated:

2020-03-12
- BeagleBoard-X15 (and BeagleBone AI): v4.19.94-ti-r36 kernel
2019-04-10
- BeagleBoard-X15 (and BeagleBone AI): v4.14.108-ti-r104 kernel
2018-12-10
- BeagleBoard-X15 (and BeagleBone AI): v4.14.79-ti-r84 kernel

Get prebuilt image:

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2020-03-12/microsd/am57xx-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz

Verify Image with:

sha256sum am57xx-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb*
cd253167b43186c14c02e9e85ede006cd51336d5f8beae5b96765f494c24bd91  am57xx-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz

Windows/Mac/Linux gui

http://etcher.io

Linux: (dd)

xzcat am57xx-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX

Method 2: Manual Install (no automatic scripts)

Note, this section used to have a lot of details, but maintenance of the two wiki's became a pain, so for now on we will just link to my other pages:

Beagle/Beagle xM

http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBoard

BeagleBone

http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBone

BeagleBone Black

http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBone+Black

Panda/Panda ES

http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/PandaBoard

Advanced

Install Latest Kernel Image

General apt syntax for searching and installing a specific kernel:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-cache search linux-image | grep <branch>
sudo apt-get install linux-image-<specific version>
sudo reboot

Latest kernel script

cd /opt/scripts/tools/
git pull
sudo ./update_kernel.sh <OPTIONS>

3.8.x

This is the first beagleboard.org long term kernel tree with capemanager support, it's been the default install for Debian Wheezy

beagleboard.org patchset: https://github.com/beagleboard/linux/tree/3.8

3.8.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black FULL Cape Support
--bone-channel --stable

3.8.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black FULL Cape Support + Xenomai
--bone-xenomai-channel --stable

4.9.x-ti

beagleboard.org patchset: https://github.com/beagleboard/linux/tree/4.9
Based on: http://git.ti.com/gitweb/?p=ti-linux-kernel/ti-linux-kernel.git;a=shortlog;h=refs/heads/ti-linux-4.9.y

4.9.x-ti BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black/BeagleBoard-X15
--ti-channel --lts-4_9

4.9.x-ti BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black/BeagleBoard-X15 + RT
--ti-rt-channel --lts-4_9

4.9.x-ti BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black/BeagleBoard-X15 + Xenomai
--ti-xenomai-channel --lts-4_9

4.14.x-ti

beagleboard.org patchset: https://github.com/beagleboard/linux/tree/4.14
Based on: http://git.ti.com/gitweb/?p=ti-linux-kernel/ti-linux-kernel.git;a=shortlog;h=refs/heads/ti-linux-4.14.y

4.14.x-ti BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black/BeagleBoard-X15
--ti-channel --lts-4_14

4.14.x-ti BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black/BeagleBoard-X15 + RT
--ti-rt-channel --lts-4_14

Mainline (4.9.x lts)

4.9.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black
--bone-kernel --lts-4_9

4.9.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black + RT
--bone-rt-kernel --lts-4_9

Mainline (4.14.x lts)

4.14.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black
--bone-kernel --lts-4_14

4.14.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black + RT
--bone-rt-kernel --lts-4_14

Reboot with your new Kernel Image.

Xorg Drivers

Script:

cd /opt/scripts/tools/
git pull

BeagleBoard/PandaBoard:

cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
./ti-omapdrm.sh

BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black:

cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
./ti-tilcdc.sh

SGX Drivers

SGX BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black

Note, these are FBDEV only, no xorg/x11/etc...

Install the "4.1.x" lts/bone kernel: http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Mainline_.28lts.29

Build SGX userspace for 4.1.x (must be done on an x86, due to the TI 5.01.01.02 blob extractor)

git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/bb-kernel.git
cd bb-kernel/
git checkout origin/am33x-v4.1 -b tmp-sgx
./sgx_create_package.sh

Copy ./deploy/GFX_5.01.01.02.tar.gz to BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black and install

sudo tar xfv GFX_5.01.01.02.tar.gz -C /
cd /opt/gfxinstall/
sudo ./sgx-install.sh
sudo reboot

Verify omaplfb & pvrsrvkm loaded

debian@arm:~$ lsmod | grep omaplfb
omaplfb                12065  0 
pvrsrvkm              178782  1 omaplfb

Xorg Drivers

Script:

cd /opt/scripts/tools/
git pull

BeagleBoard/PandaBoard:

cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
./ti-omapdrm.sh

BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black:

cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
./ti-tilcdc.sh

Swapfile

Using a File for Swap Instead of a Partition

On the Beagleboard you should expect to require a swap file given the limitation of how little RAM is available (between 256 MB and 512 MB). Some system programs like apt-get will only run properly when some swap space is present (due to 256 MB not being enough RAM).

Some images (such as those from Linaro.org) do not come with a swap partition or any swap space allocated.

Under Linux, swap space can be either a dedicated partition or a swap file. Both can be mounted as swap which the OS can access.

Creating a Swapfile

The following commands will create a 1 GB file, limit access only to root, format it as swap and then make it available to the OS:

sudo mkdir -p /var/cache/swap/   
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/var/cache/swap/swapfile bs=1M count=1024
sudo chmod 0600 /var/cache/swap/swapfile 
sudo mkswap /var/cache/swap/swapfile 
sudo swapon /var/cache/swap/swapfile

To tell the OS to load this swapfile on each start up, edit the /etc/fstab file to include the following additional line:

/var/cache/swap/swapfile    none    swap    sw    0   0

To verify that the swapfile is accessilble as swap to the OS, run "top" or "htop" at a console.

Ubuntu Software

Wi-Fi Networking (command line)

/etc/network/interfaces

It is relatively easy to configure a Wi-Fi card from the command line.

You will need to edit the /etc/network/interfaces file. There are several guides available via Google.

This is a particularly useful guide https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=202834

A sample /etc/network/interfaces file for a WPA2 encrypted access point is:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
wpa-driver wext
wpa-ssid <NAME OF AP>
wpa-ap-scan 1
wpa-proto RSN
wpa-pairwise CCMP
wpa-group CCMP
wpa-key-mgmt WPA-PSK
wpa-psk <INSERT KEY XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX>

Your Wi-Fi card will automatically load these settings upon startup and initialize wireless network access.

Lightweight window managers

If you intend to use Ubuntu on the BeagleBoard you can install JWM or IceWM to improve performance.

JWM in particular uses little RAM. On a BeagleBoard with 256 MB, using JWM will leave about 60 MB free in which to run applications.

Web Apps

Midori

Given that the BeagleBoard has fewer resources than a desktop a lightweight browser is more responsive. Midori is a lightweight browser that still supports flash, etc. It is available from the standard repositories: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midori_%28web_browser%29

Surveillance

Motion

If you have a video source (webcam, IP cam, etc.) which appears as /dev/video0, etc. then you can use the Linux surveillance software "motion" to monitor the video stream and record periods of activity.

Motion is also available from the standard repositories: http://www.debian-administration.org/article/An_Introduction_to_Video_Surveillance_with_%27Motion%27 Using a 960x720 resolution webcam with a 15 fps rate under the UVC driver the Rev C BeagleBoard under Xubuntu reports ~60% CPU utilisation.

To make the BeagleBoard automatically start recording on boot, do the following:

Auto Login - run "gdmsetup" from a terminal and select a user to automatically login
Sessions - make sure you don't save any previous X Windows sessions so that it doesn't prompt you for which one you want
motion.conf - edit /etc/motion/motion.conf to use the settings you want (that is, video output directory, record only video, record in MPEG-4, set frame rate, etc). Do this with "sudo medit /etc/motion/motion.conf" at a prompt.
Boot script - create a new script in /etc/rc2.d called "S65motion_client" and set permissions appropriately ("sudo chmod 777 /etc/rc2.d/S65motion_client"). Then edit the file so it contains the following lines:

#! /bin/sh
/usr/bin/motion -c /etc/motion/motion.conf

This will now launch the motion client as root when you boot up.

Also note that unless your BeagleBoard can remember the time (battery backed up clock installed), the timestamps will not be correct until you update the time. If your BeagleBoard has an Internet connection this can be achieved using the ntpdate application.

Robotics

ROS

ROS (Robot Operating System) provides libraries and tools to help software developers create robot applications. It provides hardware abstraction, device drivers, libraries, visualizers, message-passing, package management, and more. ROS is licensed under an open source, BSD license.

There are currently builds of ROS for Ubuntu Bionic armhf. These builds include most but not all packages, and save a considerable amount of time compared to doing a full source-based installation:

http://wiki.ros.org/melodic/Installation/Ubuntu

Alternatively ROS can be installed from source and is generally easy to do so (although slow).

For more information about ROS, see www.ros.org.

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 [[Category:Development Boards]]
 [[Category: BeagleBoard]]
-This page is about running a (ARM EABI) [http://www.ubuntu.com/ Ubuntu] distribution at [[BeagleBoard]]. BeagleBoard will boot the (ARM EABI) Ubuntu distribution from [[BeagleBoard#MMC.2FSD_boot|SD card]].
+''(For BeagleBoardAngstrom, click [[BeagleBoardAngstrom|here]].)''
+''(Should [[Beagleboard:Ubuntu On BeagleBone Black]] be merged into this page?)''
-Note: for the best experience, make sure you have an LCD attached to the HDMI port, 2GB/4GB/8GB SD card, and a known good usb2.0 hub with mouse and keyboard.
+This page is about running a Linux distribution (ARM [https://wiki.debian.org/ArmEabiPort EABI]) [http://www.ubuntu.com/ Ubuntu] on the [[BeagleBoard]]. BeagleBoard will boot the (ARM EABI) Ubuntu distribution from the [[BeagleBoard#MMC.2FSD_boot|SD card]]. Since much of this page is generic, it has also been extended to help support devices such as the [[PandaBoard]] and [[BeagleBone]].
+* For the best experience, make sure you have an LCD/HDMI monitor attached to the BeagleBoard's HDMI port, 2&nbsp;GB/4&nbsp;GB/8&nbsp;GB SD card, and a known good USB&nbsp;2.0 hub with mouse and keyboard.
 = Help =
@@ Line 12: / Line 15: @@
 *Kernel related help:
-** [http://groups.google.com/group/beagleboard Email Beagleboard user group] *Recommended method
+** [https://groups.google.com/group/beagleboard Email Beagleboard user group] *Recommended method
-** ''#beagle'': Beagle irc on freenode, accessible also by [http://beagleboard.org/discuss web interface] ([http://www.beagleboard.org/irclogs/index.php logs])
+** ''#beagle'': Beagle IRC on Freenode, accessible also by [http://beagleboard.org/discuss web interface] ([http://www.beagleboard.org/irclogs/index.php logs])
-** [https://launchpad.net/~beagleboard-kernel Launchpad Project "Beagleboard Kernel"]
+** Kernel Trees
-*** [https://code.launchpad.net/~beagleboard-kernel/+junk/2.6-stable Stable Kernel 2.6.35 src]
+*** [https://github.com/RobertCNelson/armv7-multiplatform/ v4.17.x kernel branch]
-*** [https://code.launchpad.net/~beagleboard-kernel/+junk/2.6.36-devel Development Kernel src]
+*** [https://github.com/RobertCNelson/linux-dev Development Kernel source code]
-** [http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntuKernel Kernel Testing Results]
 *Ubuntu related help:
-** ''#ubuntu-arm'': Ubuntu's arm irc on freenode ([http://irclogs.ubuntu.com/ logs] -> year -> month -> day -> #ubuntu-arm.html)
+** ''#ubuntu-arm'': Ubuntu's ARM IRC on Freenode ([http://irclogs.ubuntu.com/ logs] -> year -> month -> day -> #ubuntu-arm.html)
-*When asking for help, please provide some debugging information:
+*When requesting help, please provide some debugging information:
 ** U-Boot Version installed on board
 ** Kernel Version: uname -a
@@ Line 30: / Line 32: @@
 = Required Beagle Software =
-X-loader/MLO (1.4.4ss) & U-Boot (2010.03) (Zippy1 & Zippy2 Support)
+Mainline U-Boot:
-* All Bx, C2/3/4 Boards are required to upgrade to atleast these MLO and U-Boot versions.
+* All older BeagleBoard (classic) Ax, Bx, Cx and Dx boards are required to upgrade to at least these U-Boot versions
-* XM Boards have no NAND, so u-boot.bin is always required on the first partition
+* XM Boards have no NAND, so MLO/u-boot.img is always required on the first partition
 * Directions: [http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Upgrade_X-loader_and_U-boot Upgrade X-loader and U-Boot]
-= Canonical Pre-Installed Images =
+= Omap Serial Changes =
-Support:
+boot.scr/boot.cmd changes:
-* ''#ubuntu-arm'': Ubuntu's arm irc on freenode ([http://irclogs.ubuntu.com/ logs] -> year -> month -> day -> #ubuntu-arm.html)
-== Maverick 10.10 ==
+With 2.6.35:
+ console=ttyS2,115200n8
-Just follow https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ARM/OMAPMaverickInstall and make sure you're using a SD card >= 4GB.
+With 2.6.36/37+:
+ console=ttyO2,115200n8
-=Demo Image=
+Serial console login: /etc/init/ttyO2.conf
+ start on stopped rc RUNLEVEL=[2345]
+ stop on runlevel [!2345]
+ respawn
+ exec /sbin/getty 115200 ttyO2
-== Maverick 10.10 ==
+= Method 1: Download a Complete Pre-Configured Image =
-Default user: ubuntu pass: temppwd
+== Demo Image ==
-Get prebuilt image:
+* '''Advanced Users only''': BeagleBoard xM: Kernel source, used in these demo images: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/armv7-multiplatform
+ git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/armv7-multiplatform.git
- wget http://rcn-ee.net/deb/rootfs/maverick/ubuntu-10.10-r1-minimal-armel.tar.7z
+  cd armv7-multiplatform
-  mirrors (will take some time to update):
+  git checkout origin/v5.4.x -b tmp
-  wget http://ynezz.ibawizard.net/beagleboard/maverick/ubuntu-10.10-r1-minimal-armel.tar.7z
+ ./build_kernel.sh
- wget http://vivaphp.net/beagle/maverick/ubuntu-10.10-r1-minimal-armel.tar.7z
+* '''Advanced Users only''': BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black/PocketBeagle:  Kernel v4.19.x source, used in these demo images: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/ti-linux-kernel-dev/tree/ti-linux-4.19.y
+  git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/ti-linux-kernel-dev.git
-Verify Image with:
+  cd ti-linux-kernel-dev
- md5sum ubuntu-10.10-r1-minimal-armel.tar.7z
+  git checkout origin/ti-linux-4.19.y -b tmp
-  md5sum: fdab34dcab87721beb0ee830721098de ubuntu-10.10-r1-minimal-armel.tar.7z
+  ./build_kernel.sh
-Unpack Image:
-*7za from: sudo apt-get install p7zip-full
-za x ubuntu-10.10-r1-minimal-armel.tar.7z
-  tar xf ubuntu-10.10-r1-minimal-armel.tar
- cd ubuntu-10.10-r1-minimal-armel
-Install Image:
-Quick Install script for Beagle Bx, C2/C3/C4, xM A2/A3
-  ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot beagle
-*Additional Options
-** --rootfs <ext4 default>
-** --swap_file <swap file size in MB's>
-** --addon <pico>
-You should now be able to unmount the SD card from you PC, insert into your BeagleBoard, reboot and have Ubuntu Maverick loaded.
-Problems?
+=== Ubuntu (18.04.4) ===
- What you should see on first boot: http://pastebin.com/9K6mrjuq
-For a full gui install run this on your beagle (make sure network is setup):
+Default username/password:
- setup network: "sudo ifconfig -a" and "sudo dhclient usb1 or eth0"
+*username: ubuntu
- sudo aptitude install xfce4 gdm xubuntu-gdm-theme xubuntu-artwork xserver-xorg-video-omap3
+*password: temppwd
-Advanced: Build Image:
+Image Updated:
+*2020-03-12
+** BeagleBoard xM: v5.4.24-armv7-x20 kernel
+** All BeagleBone Variants and PocketBeagle: v4.19.94-ti-r36 kernel
+** BeagleBoard-X15 (and BeagleBone AI): v4.19.94-ti-r36 kernel
+*2019-04-10
+** BeagleBoard xM: v4.19.31-armv7-x31 kernel
+** All BeagleBone Variants and PocketBeagle: v4.14.108-ti-r104 kernel
+** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.14.108-ti-r104 kernel
+*2018-12-10
+** BeagleBoard xM: v4.19.8-armv7-x11 kernel
+** All BeagleBone Variants and PocketBeagle: v4.14.79-ti-r84 kernel
+** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.14.79-ti-r84 kernel
-fixup.sh: http://rcn-ee.homeip.net:81/dl/updates/omap-image-builder/tools/fixup.sh
+Services Active:
+ Note: Depending on your internal network these may work out of the box
-Built with rootstock trunk (ARM native mode, run directly on beagleboard):
+ Apache, Port 80: http://arm.local/ (Bone: via usb) (Windows/Linux) http://192.168.7.2, (Mac/Linux) http://192.168.6.2
- sudo ./rootstock --fqdn omap --imagesize 2G --dist maverick --serial ttyS2 \
+ SSH, Port 22: ssh ubuntu@arm.local (Bone: via usb) (Windows/Linux) ubuntu@192.168.7.2, (Mac/Linux) ubuntu@192.168.6.2
- --login ubuntu --password temppwd \
+ Getty, Serial Port
- --seed aptitude,btrfs-tools,i2c-tools,nano,pastebinit,uboot-envtools,uboot-mkimage,usbutils,wget,wireless-tools,wpasupplicant \
- --script fixup.sh --components "main universe multiverse" \
- --kernel-image http://rcn-ee.net/deb/maverick/v2.6.35.7-l6/linux-image-2.6.35.7-l6_1.0maverick_armel.deb
-== Lucid 10.04.1 ==
 Default user: ubuntu pass: temppwd
 Get prebuilt image:
+ wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2020-03-12/elinux/ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12.tar.xz
- wget http://rcn-ee.net/deb/rootfs/lucid/ubuntu-10.04.1-r2-minimal-armel.tar.7z
+Verify Image with:
- mirrors (updating):
+  sha256sum ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12.tar.xz
- wget http://ynezz.ibawizard.net/beagleboard/lucid/ubuntu-10.04.1-r2-minimal-armel.tar.7z
+  abe086f9132dfe8e8b9df8d14da225e0ce89a082abc92515de8a2ac63fc54ae2  ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12.tar.xz
-Verify Image with:
-  md5sum ubuntu-10.04.1-r2-minimal-armel.tar.7z
-  md5sum 67e2c6327bca97d87475d1a0db4f0839  ubuntu-10.04.1-r2-minimal-armel.tar.7z
 Unpack Image:
-*7za from: sudo apt-get install p7zip-full
+  tar xf ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12.tar.xz
+  cd ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12
-za x ubuntu-10.04.1-r2-minimal-armel.tar.7z
- tar xf ubuntu-10.04.1-r2-minimal-armel.tar
-  cd ubuntu-10.04.1-r2-minimal-armel
-Install Image:
-Quick Install script for Beagle Bx, C2/C3/C4, xM A2/A3
- ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot beagle --swap_file 50  (YOU need atleast 50Mb for oem-config to NOT Opps)
-For Serial Port Users add: (to use default user/pass ubuntu/temppwd)
- --use-default-user
-*Additional Options
-** --rootfs <ext4 default>
-** --swap_file <swap file size in MB's>
-** --addon <pico>
-Problems?:
- What you should see on First Boot (oem-config on dvi): http://pastebin.com/5paVBXhf
-For a full gui install:
- sudo aptitude install xfce4 gdm xubuntu-gdm-theme xubuntu-artwork xserver-xorg-video-omap3
-Advanced: Build Image:
-fixup.sh: http://rcn-ee.homeip.net:81/dl/updates/omap-image-builder/tools/fixup.sh
-Built with rootstock trunk (ARM native mode, run directly on beagleboard):
- sudo ./rootstock --fqdn omap --imagesize 2G --dist lucid --serial ttyS2 \
- --login ubuntu --password temppwd \
- --seed aptitude,btrfs-tools,i2c-tools,nano,pastebinit,uboot-envtools,uboot-mkimage,usbutils,wget,wireless-tools,wpasupplicant \
- --script fixup.sh --components "main universe multiverse" \
- --kernel-image http://rcn-ee.net/deb/lucid/v2.6.35.7-l6/linux-image-2.6.35.7-l6_1.0lucid_armel.deb
-= NetInstall Method =
-NOTE: Lucid's NetInstall will not work with the new XM model..
-The NetInstall Method, allows you to install Ubuntu directly onto your Beagle by pre-populating a boot image that will perform the complete install.
-Note: The boot arg's are stored in boot.scr which will be copied to the first partition.
-Recommended:
+If you don't know the location of your SD card:
-* 2GB+ SD card
+ sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --probe-mmc
-* USB Ethernet/Wifi
-Discover SD/MMC Partition
+You should see something like:
- sudo fdisk -l
-Download NetInstall Omap script
+  Are you sure? I don't see [/dev/idontknow], here is what I do see...
-  git clone git://github.com/RobertCNelson/netinstall-omap.git
- cd netinstall-omap
- ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --distro lucid --firmware
-*Options:
-**--distro : lucid
-**--firmware : install firmware for WiFi devices
-**--serial-mode : force NetInstall to use Serial Port
-Note: The default boot options work for most people, but if you'd like to tweak boot settings, edit these before running the script.
-  NetInstall boot Settings:
+  fdisk -l:
-  gedit ./netinstall-omap/scripts/dvi.cmd
+  Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes '''<- x86 Root Drive'''
-  gedit ./netinstall-omap/scripts/serial.cmd
+  Disk /dev/sdd: 3957 MB, 3957325824 bytes '''<- MMC/SD card'''
-  Normal Boot Settings:
+  lsblk:
-  gedit ./netinstall-omap/scripts/dvi-normal-lucid.cmd
+  NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
-  gedit ./netinstall-omap/scripts/serial-normal-lucid.cmd
+ sda      8:0    0 465.8G  0 disk
+ ├─sda1   8:1    0 446.9G  0 part /  '''<- x86 Root Partition'''
+ ├─sda2   8:2    0     1K  0 part
+ └─sda5   8:5    0  18.9G  0 part [SWAP]
+  sdd      8:48   1   3.7G  0 disk
+ ├─sdd1   8:49   1    64M  0 part
+ └─sdd2   8:50   1   3.6G  0 part
-Place SD card into Beagle and Boot
+* In this example, we can see via mount, '''/dev/sda1''' is the x86 rootfs, therefore '''/dev/sdd''' is the other drive in the system, which is the MMC/SD card that was inserted and should be used by ./setup_sdcard.sh...
-Troubshooting: If boot fails..
+Install Image:
-*Hold the user button down to force booting from MMC
-*Upgrade X-loader and U-boot [http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Upgrade_X-loader_and_U-boot Upgrade X-loader and U-Boot]
-*Clear U-boot's Environment Variables in nand:
- nand erase 260000 20000
-NetInstall assumptions:
+Quick install script for [board]
-  Continue with out Kernel Modules <yes>
+  sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb board
- Partition <Guided - use the largest continuous free space>
-= RootStock: Build an Ubuntu root file system =
+board options:
+*BeagleBoard Ax/Bx/Cx/Dx          - omap3-beagle
+*BeagleBoard xM                   - omap3-beagle-xm
+*All BeagleBone Variants          - beaglebone
+*OMAP5432 uEVM                    - omap5-uevm
+*BeagleBoard-X15 (BeagleBone AI)  - am57xx-beagle-x15
-== Ubuntu Version's ==
+So for the BeagleBoard xM:
-This guide only covers the latest Ubuntu stable (lucid) release and notes for the testing (lucid+1) dists.  Notes for older release's can be found here:
+ sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb omap3-beagle-xm
-* Karmic, aka Ubuntu 9.10, is the old-stable version  (armv6 optimized)
+Advanced: Build Image:
-** http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntuKarmic
-* Lucid, aka Ubuntu 10.04 is the stable version (armv7 optimized)
-** TODO: http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntuLucid
-* Maverick, aka Ubuntu 10.10 is the development version. Currently listed here as 'testing'. (armv7 optimized)
-** TODO: http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntuMaverick
-== Install RootStock ==
+ git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/omap-image-builder.git
+ cd omap-image-builder
+ git checkout v2020.03 -b tmp
-This is based off Ubuntu's RootStock Project; [https://launchpad.net/project-rootstock RootStock] script.
+Stable:
-Lucid (10.04) (use rootstock trunk)
+ ./RootStock-NG.sh -c rcn-ee_console_ubuntu_bionic_armhf
- sudo apt-get install rootstock (to install rootstock's dependices)
- bzr branch lp:project-rootstock
- cd project-rootstock
-Maverick (10.10 beta)
+== Flasher ==
- sudo apt-get install rootstock
-== RootStock ==
+=== eMMC: All BeagleBone Variants with eMMC ===
-=== RootStock: Useful seed Packages ===
+This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on Linux or on Windows/Mac/Linux: https://etcher.io  First press and hold the boot select button (next to the microSD card), then apply power. On boot-up the board should indicate it has started the flashing procedure visually via a Cylon Sweep pattern shown on the 4 LED's next to the Ethernet jack. Progress is reported on both the serial debug and HDMI connectors, once completed all 4 LED's should be full ON.  Simply remove power, remove the microSD card and Ubuntu will now boot directly from eMMC.
-Useful Packages:
+Script for reference: (this is the script that writes to the eMMC)
-  linux-firmware,wireless-tools :wifi adapters..
+  https://github.com/RobertCNelson/boot-scripts/blob/master/tools/eMMC/init-eMMC-flasher-v3.sh
- ntpdate :sync real time clock from network
-GUI's (broken bug: FIXME)
+This script will only take about 5-6 Minutes after power on.
- xfce4:  xfce4,gdm,xubuntu-gdm-theme,xubuntu-artwork
-=== RootStock: Running ===
+Notes:
+* If only two LED's stay lit and nothing happens, the board has crashed due to lack of power. Retry with a 5Volt DC power supply connected.
+* If the 4 LED's blink a constant pattern, the eMMC write has failed. First REMOVE ALL capes, then retry again.
-Rootstock Command line:
+User: ubuntu
- sudo ./rootstock --fqdn <hostname> --login <rootuser> --password <rootuserpasswd> --imagesize <qemu image size> \
+pass: temppwd
- --seed <packages> --dist <jaunty/karmic/lucid> --serial <ttySx>  --kernel-image <http>
-Basic Lucid (10.04) Beagleboard minimal image:
+Image Updated:
- sudo ./rootstock --fqdn beagleboard --login ubuntu --password temppwd --imagesize 2G \
+*2020-03-12
- --seed wget,nano,linux-firmware,wireless-tools,usbutils --dist lucid --serial ttyS2 \
+** All BeagleBone Variants with eMMC: v4.19.94-ti-r36 kernel
- --components "main universe multiverse" \
+*2019-04-10
- --kernel-image http://rcn-ee.net/deb/lucid/v2.6.33.4-l3/linux-image-2.6.33.4-l3_1.0lucid_armel.deb
+** All BeagleBone Variants with eMMC: v4.14.108-ti-r104 kernel
+*2018-12-10
+** All BeagleBone Variants with eMMC: v4.14.79-ti-r84 kernel
-Upon Completion, you should have:
+Get prebuilt image:
-  armel-rootfs-<date>.tgz  -> Root file System, dump to ext2/3 partition of SD card
+  wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2020-03-12/flasher/bone-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz
- vmlinuz-2.6.<version>    -> Boot Image, use mkimage to create uImage and dump to the first fat16 partition of SD card
- initrd.img-2.6.<version> -> Boot initramfs, use mkimage to create uInitrd and dump to the first fat16 partition of SD card
-== Partition SD Card ==
+Verify Image with:
-You will need a 1GB SD card or greater.
+ sha256sum bone-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb*
-  Standard Console System : ~286MB
+bc7f92df84dbd89c1cdd790ec794926a5d6b0f0b891143085d77141170518e2  bone-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz
-  + Desktop environment (lxde,gdm) : ~479MB
-Starting with an empty SD card and using gparted, create:
+Windows/Mac/Linux gui
-MiB Primary Partition, fat16/fat32
+  http://etcher.io
-  Rest as ext2/ext3/ext4/btrfs
-Gparted Example: http://nishanthmenon.blogspot.com/2008/08/how-to-boot-beagle.html
+Linux: (dd)
+ xzcat bone-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX
-For Reference:
+=== eMMC: BeagleBoard-X15 and BeagleBone AI ===
- Disk /dev/sdd: 2038 MB, 2038431744 bytes
-heads, 63 sectors/track, 247 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x0008e471
-    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
- /dev/sdd1               1           6       48163+   6  FAT16
- /dev/sdd2               7         247     1935832+  83  Linux
-== Copy Root File System to SD Card ==
+This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on Linux or on Windows/Mac/Linux: https://etcher.io  First press and hold the boot select button (next to the microSD card), then apply power. On boot-up the board should indicate it has started the flashing procedure visually via a Cylon Sweep pattern shown on the 4 LED's next to the Ethernet jack. Progress is reported on both the serial debug and HDMI connectors, once completed all 4 LED's should be full ON.  Simply remove power, remove the microSD card and Ubuntu will now boot directly from eMMC.
-Mount your SD card's larger root file system partition (assuming /dev/sdX2) and 'untar' the rootfs into it.
+Script for reference: (this is the script that writes to the eMMC)
+ https://github.com/RobertCNelson/boot-scripts/blob/master/tools/eMMC/init-eMMC-flasher-v3.sh
- mkdir -p ./tmp
+This script will only take about 5-6 Minutes after power on.
- sudo mount /dev/sdX2 ./tmp
- sudo tar xfp armel-rootfs-*.tgz -C ./tmp
- sudo umount ./tmp
-== Boot Partition ==
+Notes:
+* If only two LED's stay lit and nothing happens, the board has crashed due to lack of power. Retry with a 5Volt DC power supply connected.
+* If the 4 LED's blink a constant pattern, the eMMC write has failed. First REMOVE ALL capes, then retry again.
-Requirements:
+User: ubuntu
+pass: temppwd
- sudo apt-get install uboot-mkimage
+Image Updated:
+*2020-03-12
+** BeagleBoard-X15 (and BeagleBone AI): v4.19.94-ti-r36 kernel
+*2019-04-10
+** BeagleBoard-X15 (and BeagleBone AI): v4.14.108-ti-r104 kernel
+*2018-12-10
+** BeagleBoard-X15 (and BeagleBone AI): v4.14.79-ti-r84 kernel
-=== U-Boot uImage ===
+Get prebuilt image:
+ wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2020-03-12/flasher/am57xx-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz
-U-Boot needs a compatible kernel image to boot.  To do this, we are using mkimage from (uboot-mkimage) to create an image from the vmlinuz kernel file.
+Verify Image with:
+ sha256sum am57xx-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb*
+c359f2b5e9d27d167f55877d3abfea0af2fe721463136f354dfd5d72be8a541  am57xx-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz
-  mkimage -A arm -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0x80008000 -e 0x80008000 -n "Linux" -d ./vmlinuz-* ./uImage
+Windows/Mac/Linux gui
+  http://etcher.io
-=== U-Boot uInitrd ===
+Linux: (dd)
+ xzcat am57xx-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX
-This step is Optional, but it helps with the lucid and Lucid++ experience.
+== raw microSD img ==
- mkimage -A arm -O linux -T ramdisk -C none -a 0 -e 0 -n initramfs -d ./initrd.img-* ./uInitrd
+=== BeagleBoard xM ===
-=== U-Boot Boot Scripts ===
+This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on Linux or on Windows/Mac/Linux: https://etcher.io
-The version of U-Boot installed or recommended to install uses boot scripts by default.  This allows users to easily switch between multiple SD cards with different OS's with different parameters installed.  Ubuntu/Debian requires a slight modification to the bootargs line vs. Angstrom, 'ro' vs 'rw'.
- fixrtc: (only uInitrd) Resets RTC based on last mount
+User: ubuntu
- buddy=${buddy}: (both) Kernel Zippy1/2 Support
+pass: temppwd
- mpurate=${mpurate}: (recommended core clock)
-create ubuntu.cmd
+Auto partition resize:
-  setenv bootcmd 'mmc init; fatload mmc 0:1 0x80300000 uImage; bootm 0x80300000'
+ cd /opt/scripts/tools
-  setenv bootargs console=tty0 console=ttyS2,115200n8 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootwait ro vram=12M omapfb.mode=dvi:1280x720MR-16@60 buddy=${buddy} mpurate=${mpurate}
+  git pull
-  boot
+  ./grow_partition.sh
+  sudo reboot
-With optional uInitrd:
+Image Updated:
-create ubuntu.cmd:
+*2020-03-12
- setenv bootcmd 'mmc init; fatload mmc 0:1 0x80300000 uImage; fatload mmc 0:1 0x81600000 uInitrd; bootm 0x80300000 0x81600000'
+** BeagleBoard xM: v5.4.24-armv7-x20 kernel
- setenv bootargs console=tty0 console=ttyS2,115200n8 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootwait ro vram=12M omapfb.mode=dvi:1280x720MR-16@60 fixrtc buddy=${buddy} mpurate=${mpurate}
+*2019-04-10
- boot
+** BeagleBoard xM: v4.19.31-armv7-x31 kernel
+*2018-12-10
+** BeagleBoard xM: v4.19.8-armv7-x11 kernel
-Use mkimage create to actual *.scr file for U-Boot:
+Get prebuilt image:
+ wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2020-03-12/microsd/bbxm-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz
-  mkimage -A arm -O linux -T script -C none -a 0 -e 0 -n "Ubuntu 10.04" -d ./ubuntu.cmd ./ubuntu.scr
+Verify Image with:
+  sha256sum bbxm-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb*
+ a3d8780a69ceca6c5462c80c5a061dbba7df91d9111e08e718ecf55420302b91  bbxm-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz
-=== Copy to Boot Partition ===
+Windows/Mac/Linux gui
+ http://etcher.io
-Mount your SD card fat16/fat32 partition (assuming /dev/sdX1) and copy the uImage, boot.scr, and optional uInitrd to the first partition.
+Linux: (dd)
+ xzcat bbxm-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX
- mkdir -p ./tmp
+=== All BeagleBone Variants and PocketBeagle===
- sudo mount /dev/sdX1 ./tmp
- sudo cp ./uImage ./tmp/uImage
- sudo cp ./uInitrd ./tmp/uInitrd
- Beagle:
- sudo cp ./ubuntu.scr ./tmp/boot.scr
- IGEPv2:
- sudo cp ./ubuntu.scr ./tmp/boot.ini
- sudo umount ./tmp
-== Ubuntu Bugs & Tweaks ==
+This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on Linux or on Windows/Mac/Linux: https://etcher.io
-===Enable Network Access===
+User: ubuntu
+pass: temppwd
-Modify /etc/network/interfaces
+Auto partition resize:
-  auto eth0
+ cd /opt/scripts/tools
-  iface eth0 inet dhcp
+  git pull
+ ./grow_partition.sh
+  sudo reboot
-Manual: From the Command line
+Image Updated:
- sudo ifconfig -a
+*2020-03-12
- sudo dhclient ethX (or wlanX/etc..)
+** All BeagleBone Variants and PocketBeagle: v4.19.94-ti-r36 kernel
+*2019-04-10
+** All BeagleBone Variants and PocketBeagle: v4.14.108-ti-r104 kernel
+*2018-12-10
+** All BeagleBone Variants and PocketBeagle: v4.14.79-ti-r84 kernel
-Additional Network Setup Information can be found [[BeagleBoardUbuntuNetwork|HERE]]
+Get prebuilt image:
+ wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2020-03-12/microsd/bone-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz
-= Advanced =
+Verify Image with:
+ sha256sum bone-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb*
+c41976f1f574a4786002482167fe6443d8c9f1bced86a174459ffeba1f5b780  bone-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz
-==Install Latest Kernel Image==
+Windows/Mac/Linux gui
+ http://etcher.io
-===Script File===
+Linux: (dd)
-Note: this subsection is basically obsolete every time it's modified...
+ xzcat bone-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX
-Latest Stable is : https://code.launchpad.net/~beagleboard-kernel/+junk/2.6-stable
+=== BeagleBoard-X15 and BeagleBone AI===
- But for example: http://rcn-ee.net/deb/lucid/v2.6.34.1-l2/
+This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on Linux or on Windows/Mac/Linux: https://etcher.io
- wget http://rcn-ee.net/deb/lucid/v2.6.34.1-l2/install-me.sh
- /bin/bash install-me.sh
-Reboot with your new uImage
+User: ubuntu
+pass: temppwd
-== Upgrade X-loader and U-boot ==
+Auto partition resize:
+ cd /opt/scripts/tools
+ git pull
+ ./grow_partition.sh
+ sudo reboot
-Compatible with Bx,C2/3/4
+Image Updated:
+*2020-03-12
+** BeagleBoard-X15 (and BeagleBone AI): v4.19.94-ti-r36 kernel
+*2019-04-10
+** BeagleBoard-X15 (and BeagleBone AI): v4.14.108-ti-r104 kernel
+*2018-12-10
+** BeagleBoard-X15 (and BeagleBone AI): v4.14.79-ti-r84 kernel
-Requires MMC card..
+Get prebuilt image:
+ wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2020-03-12/microsd/am57xx-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz
-  git clone git://github.com/RobertCNelson/flash-omap.git
+Verify Image with:
-  cd flash-omap
+  sha256sum am57xx-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb*
- ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX (i.e. use /dev/sdc - the entire device, not a partition)
+  cd253167b43186c14c02e9e85ede006cd51336d5f8beae5b96765f494c24bd91  am57xx-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz
-: Place MMC card in Beagle
+Windows/Mac/Linux gui
-: Push/Hold User Button Down
+  http://etcher.io
-: Apply Power
-: After U-boot loads, Let Off User Button
-: Wait for Flashing to end
-: Power down, remove/edit boot.scr from MMC card
-Example 4G card:
+Linux: (dd)
+ xzcat am57xx-ubuntu-18.04.4-console-armhf-2020-03-12-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX
- sudo fdisk -l
+= Method 2: Manual Install (no automatic scripts)=
- Disk '''/dev/sde''': 3957 MB, 3957325824 bytes
+Note, this section used to have a lot of details, but maintenance of the two wiki's became a pain, so for now on we will just link to my other pages:
-heads, 63 sectors/track, 481 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x00080e99
-    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
- '''/dev/sde'''1   *           1           9       72261    e  W95 FAT16 (LBA)
-  ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sde
+== Beagle/Beagle xM ==
+  http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBoard
-Worst case, depending on what's actually in NAND, you might still have to stop and do this:
+== BeagleBone ==
+ http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBone
- nand erase 260000 20000
+== BeagleBone Black ==
-  reset
+  http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBone+Black
-===Manual Run===
+== Panda/Panda ES ==
- mmc init
+  http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/PandaBoard
- fatload mmc 0:1 0x80200000 MLO
- nand unlock
- nand ecc hw
- nandecc hw
- nand erase 0 80000
- nand write 0x80200000 0 20000
- nand write 0x80200000 20000 20000
- nand write 0x80200000 40000 20000
- nand write 0x80200000 60000 20000
-  fatload mmc 0:1 0x80300000 u-boot.bin
- nand unlock
- nand ecc sw
- nandecc sw
- nand erase 80000 160000
- nand write 0x80300000 80000 160000
- nand erase 260000 20000
- reset
-== SGX Video Acceleration ==
+= Advanced =
-Requirements: 2.6-stable from launchpad or 2.6.35.3-x1+ deb's from rcn-ee.net. (the Demo Images hosted on rcn-ee.net meet this requirement)
+==Install Latest Kernel Image==
-  https://code.launchpad.net/~beagleboard-kernel/+junk/2.6-stable
-Note: ''An older version of these instructions was adapted for the IGEPv2 platform - if you are following this tutorial and have an IGEPv2, consider using http://wiki.jmaustin.org/wiki/IgepSGXUbuntu instead''
-=== SDK unPackage Script ===
-Download the latest version of the "create_sgx_package.sh" script
- wget http://rcn-ee.homeip.net:81/dl/updates/2.6-stable/create_sgx_package.sh
-Make script executable
- chmod a+x ./create_sgx_package.sh
-Run script
- ./create_sgx_package.sh
-After Successfully running:
- :~/temp$ ls
- create_sgx_package.sh
- GFX_4_00_00_01_libs.tar.gz                      : -> Copy to Beagle (System Libs)
- GFX_Linux_SDK.tar.gz                            : -> Copy to Beagle (DEMO's)
- Graphics_SDK_setuplinux_4_00_00_01.bin
- SDK
- SDK_BIN
-=== Beagle: GFX_*_libs.tar.gz ===
-  tar xf GFX_4_00_00_01_libs.tar.gz  (extracts install-SGX.sh and run-SGX.sh)
+General apt syntax for searching and installing a specific kernel:
-  ./install-SGX.sh (copies necessary SGX libs and startup script)
+  sudo apt-get update
-  ./run-SGX.sh (force run the new init script, or you can just reboot...)
+  sudo apt-cache search linux-image | grep <branch>
+  sudo apt-get install linux-image-<specific version>
-On Successful install:
- Stopping PVR
- Starting PVR
- Starting SGX fixup for ES2.x (or ES3.x) (or ES5.x xM)
-Reboot for good measure (Maverick's Alpha-1 needs this....)
   sudo reboot
-=== Beagle: GFX_Linux_SDK.tar.gz ===
+Latest kernel script
+ cd /opt/scripts/tools/
+ git pull
+ sudo ./update_kernel.sh <OPTIONS>
- tar xf GFX_Linux_SDK.tar.gz
+== 3.8.x ==
- cd GFX_Linux_SDK
+This is the first beagleboard.org long term kernel tree with capemanager support, it's been the default install for Debian Wheezy
-  tar xf OGLES.tar.gz
+  beagleboard.org patchset: https://github.com/beagleboard/linux/tree/3.8
-=== Test SGX with a DEMO ===
+.8.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black FULL Cape Support
+ --bone-channel --stable
-  cd OGLES/SDKPackage/Binaries/CommonX11/Demos/ChameleonMan
+.8.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black FULL Cape Support + Xenomai
-  ./OGLESChameleonMan
+  --bone-xenomai-channel --stable
-=== Trouble Shooting ===
+== 4.9.x-ti ==
+ beagleboard.org patchset: https://github.com/beagleboard/linux/tree/4.9
+ Based on: http://git.ti.com/gitweb/?p=ti-linux-kernel/ti-linux-kernel.git;a=shortlog;h=refs/heads/ti-linux-4.9.y
-  sudo rm /etc/powervr-esrev
+.9.x-ti BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black/BeagleBoard-X15
-  sudo depmod -a omaplfb
+  --ti-channel --lts-4_9
- sudo /etc/init.d/pvr restart
-== DSP ==
+.9.x-ti BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black/BeagleBoard-X15 + RT
+ --ti-rt-channel --lts-4_9
-This is still a major work in progress...
+.9.x-ti BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black/BeagleBoard-X15 + Xenomai
+ --ti-xenomai-channel --lts-4_9
-Here is one approach: [http://www.elinux.org/BeagleBoard_Ubuntu_%26_DSP_From_Sources BeagleBoard Ubuntu & DSP From Sources]
+== 4.14.x-ti ==
+ beagleboard.org patchset: https://github.com/beagleboard/linux/tree/4.14
+ Based on: http://git.ti.com/gitweb/?p=ti-linux-kernel/ti-linux-kernel.git;a=shortlog;h=refs/heads/ti-linux-4.14.y
-== Xorg omapfb Drivers ==
+.14.x-ti BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black/BeagleBoard-X15
+ --ti-channel --lts-4_14
-By default Ubuntu will try to use the FBDEV video driver, however for the beagleboard we can take advantage of a more software optimized driver (still not using the sgx video hardware) using the NEON extensions of the Cortex-A8 core.
+.14.x-ti BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black/BeagleBoard-X15 + RT
+ --ti-rt-channel --lts-4_14
-cat /var/log/Xorg.0.log | grep FBDEV
+== Mainline (4.9.x lts) ==
- (II) FBDEV: driver for framebuffer: fbdev
- (II) FBDEV(0): using default device
- (II) FBDEV(0): Creating default Display subsection in Screen section
- (==) FBDEV(0): Depth 16, (==) framebuffer bpp 16
- (==) FBDEV(0): RGB weight 565
-Login into Ubuntu and open a new terminal, xorg has to be running..
+.9.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black
+ --bone-kernel --lts-4_9
-xvinfo -display :0.0
+.9.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black + RT
-  X-Video Extension version 2.2
+  --bone-rt-kernel --lts-4_9
- screen #0
-  no adaptors present
-=== Drivers ===
+== Mainline (4.14.x lts) ==
-Note: These are built with neon optimizations: http://git.debian.org/?p=collab-maint/xf86-video-omapfb.git;a=blob;f=debian/rules;h=c2f0d5391c96c5abb60b1e691ad86bb27e0c17d8;hb=HEAD  (line 48/49)
+.14.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black
+ --bone-kernel --lts-4_14
-Lucid:
+.14.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black + RT
-  sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-omap3
+  --bone-rt-kernel --lts-4_14
-To verify it was correctly installed, reboot and:
+Reboot with your new Kernel Image.
-cat /var/log/Xorg.0.log | grep omapfb
+== Xorg Drivers ==
- (II) LoadModule: "omapfb"
- (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers//omapfb_drv.so
- (II) Module omapfb: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
- (II) omapfb: Driver for OMAP framebuffer (omapfb) and external LCD controllers:
- (WW) Error opening /sys/devices/platform/omapfb/ctrl/name: No such file or directory
- (II) omapfb(0): VideoRAM: 1800KiB (SDRAM)
- (II) omapfb(0): Creating default Display subsection in Screen section
- (**) omapfb(0): Depth 16, (--) framebuffer bpp 16
- (==) omapfb(0): RGB weight 565
- (==) omapfb(0): Default visual is TrueColor
- (--) omapfb(0): Virtual size is 1280x720 (pitch 1280)
- (**) omapfb(0):  Built-in mode "current"
- (==) omapfb(0): DPI set to (96, 96)
- (II) omapfb(0): DPMS enabled
- (II) omapfb(0): Video plane capabilities:
- (II) omapfb(0): Video plane supports the following image formats:
- (II) omapfb(0): XVideo extension initialized
-Login into Ubuntu and open a new terminal, xorg has to be running..
+Script:
+ cd /opt/scripts/tools/
+ git pull
-xvinfo -display :0.0
+BeagleBoard/PandaBoard:
-  X-Video Extension version 2.2
+  cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
-  screen #0
+  ./ti-omapdrm.sh
-   Adaptor #0: "OMAP XV adaptor"
-     number of ports: 1
-     port base: 56
-     operations supported: PutImage
-     supported visuals:
-       depth 16, visualID 0x21
-     number of attributes: 1
-     etc..
-== Changing DVI output resolution ==
+BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black:
+ cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
+ ./ti-tilcdc.sh
-Ubuntu 10.10 above defaults to a resolution of 1284x768@16.  This is set in the boot.cmd file in the boot partition of the SD card.  The change the resolution the DVI outputs, edit boot.cmd accordingly then recreate the boot.scr file by:
+== SGX Drivers ==
- mkimage -A arm -O linux -T script -C none -a 0 -e 0 -n "Ubuntu 10.10" -d ./boot.cmd ./boot.scr
+=== SGX BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black ===
-Then reboot the BeagleBoard
+Note, these are FBDEV only, no xorg/x11/etc...
+Install the "4.1.x" lts/bone kernel:
+http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Mainline_.28lts.29
-== S-Video ==
+Build SGX userspace for 4.1.x (must be done on an x86, due to the TI 5.01.01.02 blob extractor)
-S-video is tested to be working on 2.6.35-rc5-dl9. S-video output can be enabled using bootargs at uboot as mentioned below.
+ git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/bb-kernel.git
+ cd bb-kernel/
+ git checkout origin/am33x-v4.1 -b tmp-sgx
+ ./sgx_create_package.sh
-=== NTSC ===
+Copy ./deploy/GFX_5.01.01.02.tar.gz to BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black and install
+ sudo tar xfv GFX_5.01.01.02.tar.gz -C /
+ cd /opt/gfxinstall/
+ sudo ./sgx-install.sh
+ sudo reboot
-     omapfb.mode='''tv:ntsc'''
+Verify omaplfb & pvrsrvkm loaded
-     omapdss.def_disp='''tv'''
+ debian@arm:~$ lsmod | grep omaplfb
+ omaplfb                12065  0
+ pvrsrvkm              178782  1 omaplfb
-Bootargs that has been validated.
+== Xorg Drivers ==
-     setenv bootargs 'console=tty0 console=ttyS2,115200n8 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootwait ro vram=12M omapfb.mode=tv:ntsc omapdss.def_disp=tv
+Script:
-     fixrtc buddy=unknown'
+ cd /opt/scripts/tools/
+ git pull
-Note that the NTSC resolution is 640x480. However the edge bands around the TV screen differ from TV to TV. Output of '''fbset''' shown below, which does not seem right.
+BeagleBoard/PandaBoard:
+ cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
+ ./ti-omapdrm.sh
-    mode "720x482-30"
+BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black:
-         # D: 13.500 MHz, H: 15.734 kHz, V: 29.970 Hz
+ cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
-         geometry 720 482 720 482 32
+ ./ti-tilcdc.sh
-         timings 74074 16 58 6 31 64 6
-         rgba 8/16,8/8,8/0,0/0
-    endmode
-=== PAL ===
+= Swapfile =
-Bootargs that has been validated for PAL tv.
+== Using a File for Swap Instead of a Partition ==
-     setenv bootargs 'console=tty0 console=ttyS2,115200n8 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootwait ro vram=12M omapfb.mode=tv:pal omapdss.def_disp=tv fixrtc buddy=unknown'
+On the Beagleboard you should expect to require a swap file given the limitation of how little RAM is available (between 256&nbsp;MB and 512&nbsp;MB). Some system programs like apt-get will only run properly when some swap space is present (due to 256&nbsp;MB not being enough RAM).
-Using these settings video output will display on the tv, however 5-10% of the left and right edges of display are off the screen (using Ubuntu 10.10 with xfce).
+Some images (such as those from Linaro.org) do not come with a swap partition or any swap space allocated.
-xrandr shows the display is set to the minimum of 720x574. Please update wiki if you can fix this.
+Under Linux, swap space can be either a dedicated partition or a swap file. Both can be mounted as swap which the OS can access.
-== Building Kernel ==
+=== Creating a Swapfile ===
-https://launchpad.net/~beagleboard-kernel
+The following commands will create a 1 GB file, limit access only to root, format it as swap and then make it available to the OS:
-Register on launchpad.net, install bzr
+ sudo mkdir -p /var/cache/swap/
-  sudo apt-get install bzr
+  sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/var/cache/swap/swapfile bs=1M count=1024
+ sudo chmod 0600 /var/cache/swap/swapfile
+ sudo mkswap /var/cache/swap/swapfile
+ sudo swapon /var/cache/swap/swapfile
-Download SRC
+To tell the OS to load this swapfile on each start up, edit the /etc/fstab file to include the following additional line:
- bzr branch lp:~beagleboard-kernel/+junk/2.6-stable
-Build Kernel
+  /var/cache/swap/swapfile    none    swap    sw    0   0
-  ./build_kernel.sh
-Optional Building Deb File
+To verify that the swapfile is accessilble as swap to the OS, run "top" or "htop" at a console.
- ./build_deb.sh
 = Ubuntu Software =
-== Wifi Networking (command line) ==
+== Wi-Fi Networking (command line) ==
 === /etc/network/interfaces ===
-It is possible and relatively easy to configure a wifi card from the command line.
+It is relatively easy to configure a Wi-Fi card from the command line.
+You will need to edit the /etc/network/interfaces file. There are several guides available via Google.
-You will need to edit the /etc/network/interfaces file.  There are several guides available via Google.
+This is a particularly useful guide https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=202834
 A sample /etc/network/interfaces file for a WPA2 encrypted access point is:
@@ Line 629: / Line 523: @@
   wpa-group CCMP
   wpa-key-mgmt WPA-PSK
-  wpa-psk < INSERT KEY XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX>
+  wpa-psk <INSERT KEY XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX>
-Your wifi card will automatically load these settings on start up and give network access.
+Your Wi-Fi card will automatically load these settings upon startup and initialize wireless network access.
+== Lightweight window managers ==
+If you intend to use Ubuntu on the BeagleBoard you can install JWM or IceWM to improve performance.
+JWM in particular uses little RAM. On a BeagleBoard with 256&nbsp;MB, using JWM will leave about 60&nbsp;MB free in which to run applications.
 == Web Apps ==
 === Midori ===
-Given that the BeagleBoard has fewer resources than a desktop a light weight browser is more responsive.  Midori is a light weight browser that still supports flash etc
+Given that the BeagleBoard has fewer resources than a desktop a lightweight browser is more responsive. Midori is a lightweight browser that still supports flash, etc. It is available from the standard repositories:
-It is available from the standard repositories.
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midori_%28web_browser%29
@@ Line 643: / Line 542: @@
 === Motion ===
-If you have a video source (webcam, IP cam etc) which appears as /dev/video0 etc then you can use the Linux Surveillance software "motion" to monitor the video stream and record periods of activity.
+If you have a video source (webcam, IP cam, etc.) which appears as /dev/video0, etc. then you can use the Linux surveillance software "motion" to monitor the video stream and record periods of activity.
-Motion is also available from the standard repositories.
+Motion is also available from the standard repositories:
 http://www.debian-administration.org/article/An_Introduction_to_Video_Surveillance_with_%27Motion%27
-Using a 960x720 resolution webcam with 15 fps rate under the UVC driver the Rev C BeagleBoard under Xubuntu reports ~60% CPU utilisation.
+Using a 960x720 resolution webcam with a 15&nbsp;fps rate under the UVC driver the Rev C BeagleBoard under Xubuntu reports ~60% CPU utilisation.
-To make the BeagleBoard automatically start recording on boot do the following:
+To make the BeagleBoard automatically start recording on boot, do the following:
 * Auto Login - run "gdmsetup" from a terminal and select a user to automatically login
-* Sessions - make sure you don't save any previous xwindows sessions so that it doesn't prompt you for which one you want
+* Sessions - make sure you don't save any previous X Windows sessions so that it doesn't prompt you for which one you want
-* motion.conf - amend /etc/motion/motion.conf to the settings you want (ie video output directory, record only video, record in mpeg4, set frame rate etc). Do this with "sudo medit /etc/motion/motion.conf" at a prompt.
+* motion.conf - edit /etc/motion/motion.conf to use the settings you want (that is, video output directory, record only video, record in MPEG-4, set frame rate, etc). Do this with "sudo medit /etc/motion/motion.conf" at a prompt.
-* Boot script - create a new script in /etc/rc2.d called "S65motion_client" and set permissions appropriately ("sudo chmod 777 /etc/rc2.d/S65motion_client"). Then edit the file so it has the following text in it:
+* Boot script - create a new script in /etc/rc2.d called "S65motion_client" and set permissions appropriately ("sudo chmod 777 /etc/rc2.d/S65motion_client"). Then edit the file so it contains the following lines:
   #! /bin/sh
@@ Line 661: / Line 560: @@
 This will now launch the motion client as root when you boot up.
-Also note that unless your BeagleBoard can remember the time (battery backed up clock installed) the timestamps will not be correct until you update the time. If your BeagleBoard has an Internet Connection this can be achieved with the ntpdate app.
+Also note that unless your BeagleBoard can remember the time (battery backed up clock installed), the timestamps will not be correct until you update the time. If your BeagleBoard has an Internet connection this can be achieved using the ntpdate application.
+== Robotics ==
+=== ROS ===
+ROS (Robot Operating System) provides libraries and tools to help software developers create robot applications. It provides hardware abstraction, device drivers, libraries, visualizers, message-passing, package management, and more. ROS is licensed under an open source, BSD license.
+There are currently builds of ROS for Ubuntu Bionic armhf. These builds include most but not all packages, and save a considerable amount of time compared to doing a full source-based installation:
+http://wiki.ros.org/melodic/Installation/Ubuntu
+Alternatively ROS can be installed from source and is generally easy to do so (although slow).
+For more information about ROS, see www.ros.org.

Difference between revisions of "BeagleBoardUbuntu"

Latest revision as of 08:47, 13 March 2020

Contents

Help

Required Beagle Software

Omap Serial Changes

Method 1: Download a Complete Pre-Configured Image

Demo Image

Ubuntu (18.04.4)

Flasher

eMMC: All BeagleBone Variants with eMMC

eMMC: BeagleBoard-X15 and BeagleBone AI

raw microSD img

BeagleBoard xM

All BeagleBone Variants and PocketBeagle

BeagleBoard-X15 and BeagleBone AI

Method 2: Manual Install (no automatic scripts)

Beagle/Beagle xM

BeagleBone

BeagleBone Black

Panda/Panda ES

Advanced

Install Latest Kernel Image

3.8.x

4.9.x-ti

4.14.x-ti

Mainline (4.9.x lts)

Mainline (4.14.x lts)

Xorg Drivers

SGX Drivers

SGX BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black

Xorg Drivers

Swapfile

Using a File for Swap Instead of a Partition

Creating a Swapfile

Ubuntu Software

Wi-Fi Networking (command line)

/etc/network/interfaces

Lightweight window managers

Web Apps

Midori

Surveillance

Motion

Robotics

ROS

Navigation menu

Search